By Compound

  • O’Neil, J.D., W.S. Dalton, and R.B. Forney. 1979. The effect of cannabichromene on mean blood pressure, heart rate, and respiration rate responses to tetrahydrocannabinol in the anesthetized rat. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 49:265-70

    Turner, C.E., M.A. Elsohly, and E.G. Boeren. 1980. Constituents of Cannabis sativa L. XVII. A review of the natural constituents. J Nat Prod 43:169-304

    Gill, E.W., W.D.M. Paton, and R.G. Pertwee. 1970. Preliminary experiments on the chemistry and pharmacology of Cannabis. Nature 228:134-6

    Hollister, L.E. 1974. Structure-activity relationships in man of cannabis constituents, and homologs and metabolites of delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol. Pharmacol 11(1): 3-11

    Davis, W.M., and N.S. Hatoum. 1993. Neurobehavioral actions of cannabichromene and interactions with Æ9-tetrahydrocannabinol. Gen Pharmacol 14(2):247-52

    Wirth, P.W., E.S. Watson, M. ElSohly, C.E. Turner, and J.C. Murphy. 1980. Anti-in- flammatory properties of cannabichromene. Life Sci 26:1991-5.

    ElSohly, H.N., C.E. Turner, A.M. Clark, and M.A. ElSohly. 1982. Synthesis and antimicrobial activities of certain cannabichromene and cannabigerol related compounds. J Pharmaceut Sci 71:1319-23.

    Izzo, Angelo A., et al. Non-psychotropic plant cannabinoids: new therapeutic opportunities from an ancient herb. Trends in pharmacological sciences 30.10 (2009): 515-527

    Wargent, E. T., et al. The cannabinoid Δ9-tetrahydrocannabivarin (THCV) ameliorates insulin sensitivity in two mouse models of obesity. Nutrition & diabetes 3.5 (2013): e68

  • Russo, E., Mead, A., & Sulak, D. Current and Future Status of Cannabis Research. Clinical Researcher 29.2 (2015): 58-63

    Bolognini, D., et al. Cannabidiolic acid prevents vomiting in Suncus murinus and nausea‐induced behaviour in rats by enhancing 5‐HT1A receptor activation. British journal of pharmacology 168.6 (2013): 1456-1470

    Zhornitsky, Simon, and Stéphane Potvin. Cannabidiol in humans—the quest for therapeutic targets. Pharmaceuticals 5.5 (2012): 529-552

    Zuardi, Antonio Waldo. Cannabidiol: from an inactive cannabinoid to a drug with wide spectrum of action. Revista brasileira de psiquiatria 30.3 (2008): 271-280

    Russo, Ethan, and Geoffrey W. Guy. A tale of two cannabinoids: the therapeutic rationale for combining tetrahydrocannabinol and cannabidiol. Medical hypotheses 66.2 (2006): 234-246

    Takeda, Shuso, et al. Cannabidiolic acid as a selective cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitory component in cannabis. Drug metabolism and disposition 36.9 (2008): 1917-1921

  • Prud'homme, Mélissa, Romulus Cata, and Didier Jutras-Aswad. Cannabidiol as an intervention for addictive behaviors: a systematic review of the evidence. Substance abuse: research and treatment 9 (2015): SART-S25081.

    Manini AF, Yiannoulos G, Bergamaschi MM, et al. Safety and pharmacokinetics of oral cannabidiol when administered concomi- tantly with intravenous fentanyl in humans. J Addict Med 2015;9: 204–210.

    Hurd, Yasmin L., et al. Early phase in the development of cannabidiol as a treatment for addiction: opioid relapse takes initial center stage. Neurotherapeutics 12.4 (2015): 807-815.

    Hurd, Yasmin L., et al. Cannabidiol for the Reduction of Cue-Induced Craving and Anxiety in Drug-Abstinent Individuals With Heroin Use Disorder: A Double-Blind Randomized Placebo-Controlled Trial. American Journal of Psychiatry(2019): appi-ajp.

    Hay, Gracie L., et al. Cannabidiol treatment reduces the motivation to self-administer methamphetamine and methamphetamine-primed relapse in rats. Journal of Psychopharmacology 32.12 (2018): 1369-1378.

    Morgan CJ, Das RK, Joye A, Curran HV, Kamboj SK. Cannabidiol reduces cigarette consumption in tobacco smokers: preliminary findings. Addict Behav. 2013;38(9):2433–6.

    Hindocha, Chandni, et al. Cannabidiol reverses attentional bias to cigarette cues in a human experimental model of tobacco withdrawal. Addiction 113.9 (2018): 1696-1705.

    Consroe P, Carlini EA, Zwicker AP, Lacerda LA. Interaction of cannabidiol and alcohol in humans. Psychopharmacology. 1979;66(1):45–50.

  • Iffland, Kerstin, and Franjo Grotenhermen. An update on safety and side effects of cannabidiol: a review of clinical data and relevant animal studies. Cannabis and cannabinoid research 2.1 (2017): 139-154.


    Wheless, James W., et al. Pharmacokinetics and Tolerability of Multiple Doses of Pharmaceutical-Grade Synthetic Cannabidiol in Pediatric Patients with Treatment-Resistant Epilepsy. CNS drugs 33.6 (2019): 593-604.


    Ewing, Laura E., et al. Hepatotoxicity of a Cannabidiol-Rich Cannabis Extract in the Mouse Model. Molecules 24.9 (2019): 1694


    Aran, Adi, et al. Brief Report: Cannabidiol-Rich Cannabis in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder and Severe Behavioral Problems—A Retrospective Feasibility Study. Journal of autism and developmental disorders 49.3 (2019): 1284-1288

  • Bandelow, Borwin, and Sophie Michaelis. Epidemiology of anxiety disorders in the 21st century. Dialogues in clinical neuroscience 17.3 (2015): 327


    Zuardi, Antônio Waldo, et al. Action of cannabidiol on the anxiety and other effects produced by Δ 9-THC in normal subjects. Psychopharmacology 76.3 (1982): 245-250.


     Karniol, Isac G., et al. Cannabidiol interferes with the effects of Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol in man. European journal of pharmacology 28.1 (1974): 172-177.


    Zuardi, Antonio W., et al. Inverted U-shaped dose-response curve of the anxiolytic effect of cannabidiol during public speaking in real life. Frontiers in pharmacology 8 (2017): 259.


    Bergamaschi, Mateus M., et al. Cannabidiol reduces the anxiety induced by simulated public speaking in treatment-naive social phobia patients. Neuropsychopharmacology 36.6 (2011): 1219.


    Linares, Ila M., et al. Cannabidiol presents an inverted U-shaped dose-response curve in a simulated public speaking test. Brazilian Journal of Psychiatry 41.1 (2019): 9-14.



    Shannon, S., et al. Cannabidiol in Anxiety and Sleep: A Large Case Series. The Permanente journal 23 (2019).


    Elms, Lucas, et al. Cannabidiol in the treatment of post-traumatic stress disorder: a case series. The Journal of Alternative and Complementary Medicine 25.4 (2019): 392-397.

  • Geusens, Piet, et al. NSAIDs and fracture healing. Current opinion in rheumatology 25.4 (2013): 524-531


    Kogan, Natalya M., et al. Cannabidiol, a Major Non‐Psychotropic Cannabis Constituent Enhances Fracture Healing and Stimulates Lysyl Hydroxylase Activity in Osteoblasts. Journal of Bone and Mineral Research 30.10 (2015): 1905-1913.


    Silveira, João W., et al. Protective effects of cannabidiol on lesion-induced intervertebral disc degeneration. PLoS One 9.12 (2014): e113161.


     Li, Dehao, et al. Cannabidiol administration reduces sublesional cancellous bone loss in rats with severe spinal cord injury. European journal of pharmacology 809 (2017): 13-19.

  • Mori, Marco Aurélio, et al. Cannabidiol reduces neuroinflammation and promotes neuroplasticity and functional recovery after brain ischemia. Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry 75 (2017): 94-105.


    Barata, Lorena, et al. Neuroprotection by cannabidiol and hypothermia in a piglet model of newborn hypoxic-ischemic brain damage. Neuropharmacology 146 (2019): 1-11.


    Fernández-Ruiz, Javier, María A. Moro, and José Martínez-Orgado. Cannabinoids in neurodegenerative disorders and stroke/brain trauma: from preclinical models to clinical applications. Neurotherapeutics 12.4 (2015): 793-806.


    England, Timothy J., et al. Cannabinoids in experimental stroke: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow & Metabolism 35.3 (2015): 348-358.


  • Massi, Paola, et al. Cannabidiol as potential anticancer drug. British journal of clinical pharmacology 75.2 (2013): 303-312.


    López-Valero, Israel, et al. Targeting Glioma Initiating Cells with A combined therapy of cannabinoids and temozolomide. Biochemical pharmacology 157 (2018): 266-274.


    Kenyon, Julian, Wai Liu, and Angus Dalgleish. Report of objective clinical responses of cancer patients to pharmaceutical-grade synthetic cannabidiol. Anticancer research 38.10 (2018): 5831-5835.

  • https://www.cbsnews.com/news/52-people-sickened-by-fake-cbd-oil-in-utah/


    Poklis, Justin L., Haley A. Mulder, and Michelle R. Peace. The unexpected identification of the cannabimimetic, 5F-ADB, and dextromethorphan in commercially available cannabidiol e-liquids. Forensic science international 294 (2019): e25-e27.


    Pavlovic, Radmila, et al. Quality traits of cannabidiol oils: cannabinoids content, terpene fingerprint and oxidation stability of European commercially available preparations. Molecules 23.5 (2018): 1230.


    Bonn-Miller, Marcel O., et al. Labeling accuracy of cannabidiol extracts sold online. Jama 318.17 (2017): 1708-1709.


    https://cbsaustin.com/news/local/cbd-oil-widely-available-on-store-shelves-in-austin


    https://www.nbcnewyork.com/news/local/CBD-Products-Tested-505762921.html

  • Silote, Gabriela Pandini, et al. Emerging evidence for the antidepressant effect of cannabidiol and the underlying molecular mechanisms. Journal of chemical neuroanatomy(2019).


    Corroon, Jamie, and Joy A. Phillips. A cross-sectional study of cannabidiol users. Cannabis and cannabinoid research 3.1 (2018): 152-161.


  • Taylor, Lesley, et al. A Phase 1, Open‐Label, Parallel‐Group, Single‐Dose Trial of the Pharmacokinetics and Safety of Cannabidiol (CBD) in Subjects With Mild to Severe Hepatic Impairment. The Journal of Clinical Pharmacology (2019).


    Taylor, Lesley, et al. A phase I, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, single ascending dose, multiple dose, and food effect trial of the safety, tolerability and pharmacokinetics of highly purified cannabidiol in healthy subjects. CNS drugs32.11 (2018): 1053-1067.


  • Stout, Stephen M., and Nina M. Cimino. Exogenous cannabinoids as substrates, inhibitors, and inducers of human drug metabolizing enzymes: a systematic review. Drug metabolism reviews 46.1 (2014): 86-95.


    Alsherbiny, Muhammad, and Chun Li. Medicinal Cannabis—Potential Drug Interactions. Medicines 6.1 (2019): 3.


    Gaston, Tyler E., et al. Interactions between cannabidiol and commonly used antiepileptic drugs. Epilepsia 58.9 (2017): 1586-1592.


    Grayson, Leslie, et al. An interaction between warfarin and cannabidiol, a case report. Epilepsy & behavior case reports9 (2018): 10.


  • Miller, Sally, et al. Δ9-Tetrahydrocannabinol and Cannabidiol Differentially Regulate Intraocular Pressure. Investigative ophthalmology & visual science 59.15 (2018): 5904-5911.


    Tomida, Ileana, et al. Effect of sublingual application of cannabinoids on intraocular pressure: a pilot study. Journal of glaucoma 15.5 (2006): 349-353.


    Rapino, Cinzia, et al. Neuroprotection by (endo) cannabinoids in glaucoma and retinal neurodegenerative diseases. Current neuropharmacology 16.7 (2018): 959-970

  • Zuardi, Antonio W., et al. Inverted U-shaped dose-response curve of the anxiolytic effect of cannabidiol during public speaking in real life. Frontiers in pharmacology 8 (2017): 259.


    Jadoon, Khalid A., Garry D. Tan, and Saoirse E. O’Sullivan. A single dose of cannabidiol reduces blood pressure in healthy volunteers in a randomized crossover study. JCI insight 2.12 (2017).


    Stanley, Christopher P., William H. Hind, and Saoirse E. O'sullivan. Is the cardiovascular system a therapeutic target for cannabidiol?. British journal of clinical pharmacology 75.2 (2013): 313-322.

  • Palmieri B, Laurino C, Vadala` M. Short-term efficacy of CBD- enriched hemp oil in girls with dysautonomic syndrome after human papillomavirus vaccination. IMAJ. 2017;19:79-84. 


    Cun ̃ettia L, Manzoa L, Peyraubeb R, et al. Chronic pain treat- ment with cannabidiol in kidney transplant patients in Uruguay. Transplantation Proc. 2018;50:461-464.


    Wade DT, Robson P, House H, et al. A preliminary con- trolled study to determine whether whole-plant cannabis extracts can improve intractable neurogenic symptoms. Clin Rehabil. 2003;17:21-29. 

  • Leweke FM, Giuffrida A, Wurster U, Emrich HM, Piomelli D. Elevated endogenous cannabinoids in schizophrenia. Neuroreport 1999; 10: 1665–1669. 



    Giuffrida A, Leweke FM, Gerth CW, Schreiber D, Koethe D, Faulhaber J et al. Cerebrospinal anandamide levels are elevated in acute schizophrenia and are inversely correlated with psychotic symptoms. Neuropsychopharmacology 2004; 29: 2108–2114. 


    McGuire, Philip, et al. Cannabidiol (CBD) as an adjunctive therapy in schizophrenia: a multicenter randomized controlled trial. American Journal of Psychiatry 175.3 (2017): 225-231.


    Leweke, F. M., et al. Cannabidiol enhances anandamide signaling and alleviates psychotic symptoms of schizophrenia. Translational psychiatry 2.3 (2012): e94.


    Englund A, Morrison PD, Nottage J, et al. Cannabidiol inhibits THC-elicited paranoid symptoms and hippocampal-dependent memory impairment. J Psychopharmacol. 2013;27(1):19-27. 

  • Chiurchiù, Valerio, et al. The differential characterization of GPR55 receptor in human peripheral blood reveals a distinctive expression in monocytes and NK cells and a proinflammatory role in these innate cells. International immunology 27.3 (2014): 153-160.


    McHugh, Douglas, et al. Inhibition of human neutrophil chemotaxis by endogenous cannabinoids and phytocannabinoids: evidence for a site distinct from CB1 and CB2. Molecular pharmacology 73.2 (2008): 441-450.


    Chahl, Loris A. TRP's: links to schizophrenia?. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA)-Molecular Basis of Disease 1772.8 (2007): 968-977.


    Xiong, Wei, et al. Cannabinoids suppress inflammatory and neuropathic pain by targeting α3 glycine receptors. Journal of Experimental Medicine 209.6 (2012): 1121-1134.


    Gonca E, Darıcı F. The effect of cannabidiol on ischemia/ reperfusion-induced ventricular arrhythmias: the role of adenosine A1 receptors. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol Ther 2015;20:76-83.


    Castillo A, Tolón MR, Fernández-Ruiz J, Romero J, Martinez- Orgado J. The neuroprotective effect of cannabidiol in an in vitro model of newborn hypoxic-ischemic brain damage in mice is mediated by CB(2) and adenosine receptors. Neurobiol Dis 2010;37:434-440.


    Mecha M, Feliú A, Iñigo PM, Mestre L, Carrillo-Salinas FJ, Guaza C. Cannabidiol provides long-lasting protection against the deleterious effects of inflammation in a viral model of multiple sclerosis: a role for A2A receptors. Neurobiol Dis 2013;59:141-150.


    Morales, Paula, et al. Allosteric modulators of the CB1 cannabinoid receptor: a structural update review. Cannabis and Cannabinoid Research 1.1 (2016): 22-30.


    Laprairie, R. B., et al. Cannabidiol is a negative allosteric modulator of the cannabinoid CB1 receptor. British journal of pharmacology 172.20 (2015): 4790-4805.


    Russo, Ethan B., et al. Agonistic properties of cannabidiol at 5-HT1a receptors. Neurochemical research 30.8 (2005): 1037-1043.


    Resstel, Leonardo BM, et al. 5‐HT1A receptors are involved in the cannabidiol‐induced attenuation of behavioural and cardiovascular responses to acute restraint stress in rats. British journal of pharmacology 156.1 (2009): 181-188.


    de Paula Soares, Vanessa, et al. Intra-dorsal periaqueductal gray administration of cannabidiol blocks panic-like response by activating 5-HT1A receptors. Behavioural brain research 213.2 (2010): 225-229.


    Mishima, Kenichi, et al. Cannabidiol prevents cerebral infarction via a serotonergic 5-hydroxytryptamine1A receptor–dependent mechanism. Stroke 36.5 (2005): 1071-1076.


    Limebeer, Cheryl L., Devin E. Litt, and Linda A. Parker. Effect of 5-HT 3 antagonists and a 5-HT 1A agonist on fluoxetine-induced conditioned gaping reactions in rats. Psychopharmacology 203.4 (2009): 763.


    Magen, Iddo. The Effects of Cannabidiol (CBD) on Brain Dysfunction Induced by Bile Duct Ligation in Mice. Hebrew University, 2009.


    Rimmerman, N., et al. Direct modulation of the outer mitochondrial membrane channel, voltage-dependent anion channel 1 (VDAC1) by cannabidiol: a novel mechanism for cannabinoid-induced cell death. Cell death & disease 4.12 (2013): e949.

  • Chen, Jeffrey W., Laura M. Borgelt, and Allison B. Blackmer. Epidiolex (Cannabidiol): a new hope for patients with dravet or lennox-gastaut syndromes. Annals of Pharmacotherapy(2019): 1060028018822124.


    Sands, Tristan T., et al. Long-term safety, tolerability, and efficacy of cannabidiol in children with refractory epilepsy: results from an expanded access program in the US. CNS drugs 33.1 (2019): 47-60.


    Sulak, Dustin, Russell Saneto, and Bonni Goldstein. The current status of artisanal cannabis for the treatment of epilepsy in the United States. Epilepsy & Behavior 70 (2017): 328-333.


    Gaston, Tyler E., et al. Quality of life in adults enrolled in an open-label study of cannabidiol (CBD) for treatment-resistant epilepsy. Epilepsy & Behavior 95 (2019): 10-17.


    Rosenberg EC, Louik J, Conway E, Devinsky O, Friedman D. Quality of life in child- hood epilepsy in pediatric patients enrolled in a prospective, open-label clinical study with cannabidiol. Epilepsia 2017;58(8):96–100. 

  • Shannon, Scott, et al. Cannabidiol in Anxiety and Sleep: A Large Case Series. The Permanente journal 23 (2019).


    Carlini, Elisaldo A., and Jomar M. Cunha. Hypnotic and antiepileptic effects of cannabidiol. The Journal of Clinical Pharmacology 21.S1 (1981): 417S-427S.


    Murillo-Rodríguez, Eric, et al. Cannabidiol, a constituent of Cannabis sativa, modulates sleep in rats. FEBS letters580.18 (2006): 4337-4345.


    Chagas, Marcos Hortes N., et al. Effects of acute systemic administration of cannabidiol on sleep-wake cycle in rats. Journal of Psychopharmacology 27.3 (2013): 312-316.


    Nicholson, Anthony N., et al. Effect of Δ-9-tetrahydrocannabinol and cannabidiol on nocturnal sleep and early-morning behavior in young adults. Journal of clinical psychopharmacology 24.3 (2004): 305-313.

  • Leweke, F. M., et al. Cannabidiol enhances anandamide signaling and alleviates psychotic symptoms of schizophrenia. Translational psychiatry 2.3 (2012): e94.


    Bergamaschi, Mateus M., et al. Cannabidiol reduces the anxiety induced by simulated public speaking in treatment-naive social phobia patients. Neuropsychopharmacology 36.6 (2011): 1219.


    Johnson, Jeremy R., et al. Multicenter, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, parallel-group study of the efficacy, safety, and tolerability of THC: CBD extract and THC extract in patients with intractable cancer-related pain. Journal of pain and symptom management 39.2 (2010): 167-179.


    Russo, Ethan, and Geoffrey W. Guy. A tale of two cannabinoids: the therapeutic rationale for combining tetrahydrocannabinol and cannabidiol. Medical hypotheses 66.2 (2006): 234-246.


  • Oláh, Attila, et al. Cannabidiol exerts sebostatic and antiinflammatory effects on human sebocytes. The Journal of clinical investigation 124.9 (2014): 3713-3724.


    Palmieri, B., C. Laurino, and M. Vadalà. A therapeutic effect of cbd-enriched ointment in inflammatory skin diseases and cutaneous scars. La Clinica Terapeutica 170.2 (2019): e93-e99.


    Chelliah, Malcolm P., et al. Self‐initiated use of topical cannabidiol oil for epidermolysis bullosa. Pediatric dermatology 35.4 (2018): e224-e227.

  • Russo, E., Mead, A., & Sulak, D. Current and Future Status of Cannabis Research. Clinical Researcher 29.2 (2015): 58-63


    Bolognini, D., et al. Cannabidiolic acid prevents vomiting in Suncus murinus and nausea‐induced behaviour in rats by enhancing 5‐HT1A receptor activation. British journal of pharmacology 168.6 (2013): 1456-1470


    Zhornitsky, Simon, and Stéphane Potvin. Cannabidiol in humans—the quest for therapeutic targets. Pharmaceuticals 5.5 (2012): 529-552


    Zuardi, Antonio Waldo. Cannabidiol: from an inactive cannabinoid to a drug with wide spectrum of action. Revista brasileira de psiquiatria 30.3 (2008): 271-280


    Russo, Ethan, and Geoffrey W. Guy. A tale of two cannabinoids: the therapeutic rationale for combining tetrahydrocannabinol and cannabidiol. Medical hypotheses 66.2 (2006): 234-246


    Takeda, Shuso, et al. Cannabidiolic acid as a selective cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitory component in cannabis. Drug metabolism and disposition 36.9 (2008): 1917-1921


    Rock, E. M., and L. A. Parker. Effect of low doses of cannabidiolic acid and ondansetron on LiCl‐induced conditioned gaping (a model of nausea‐induced behaviour) in rats. British journal of pharmacology 169.3 (2013): 685-692.


    Rock, Erin M., Cheryl L. Limebeer, and Linda A. Parker. Effect of cannabidiolic acid and∆ 9-tetrahydrocannabinol on carrageenan-induced hyperalgesia and edema in a rodent model of inflammatory pain. Psychopharmacology 235.11 (2018): 3259-3271.


    Ligresti A, Moriello AS, Starowicz K, Matias I, Pisanti S, De Petrocellis L et al (2006) Antitumor activity of plant cannabinoids with emphasis on the effect of cannabidiol on human breast carcinoma. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 318:1375–1387.  


    Takeda, Shuso, et al. Cannabidiolic acid as a selective cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitory component in cannabis. Drug metabolism and disposition 36.9 (2008): 1917-1921.


    Pellesi, Lanfranco, et al. Pharmacokinetics and tolerability of oral cannabis preparations in patients with medication overuse headache (MOH)—a pilot study. European journal of clinical pharmacology 74.11 (2018): 1427-1436.


    Bolognini, D., et al. Cannabidiolic acid prevents vomiting in Suncus murinus and nausea‐induced behaviour in rats by enhancing 5‐HT1A receptor activation. British journal of pharmacology 168.6 (2013): 1456-1470.

  • Huestis, M. A. Pharmacokinetics and Metabolism of the Plant Cannabinoids, Δ 9-Tetrahydrocannibinol, Cannabidiol and Cannabinol. Cannabinoids. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2005. 657-690


  • Cascio, M. G., et al. Evidence that the plant cannabinoid cannabigerol is a highly potent α2‐adrenoceptor agonist and moderately potent 5HT1A receptor antagonist. British journal of pharmacology 159.1 (2010): 129-141.


    Izzo, Angelo A., et al. Non-psychotropic plant cannabinoids: new therapeutic opportunities from an ancient herb. Trends in pharmacological sciences 30.10 (2009): 515-527.


    Banerjee, S.P., S.H. Snyder, R. Mechoulam. 1975. Cannabinoids: influence on neurotransmitter uptake in rat brain synaptosomes. J Pharmacol Exper Therap 194: 74-81


    Evans, F.J. 1991. Cannabinoids: the separation of central from peripheral effects on a structural basis. Planta Med 57(Suppl 1):S60-7


  • Cascio, M. G., et al. Evidence that the plant cannabinoid cannabigerol is a highly potent α2‐adrenoceptor agonist and moderately potent 5HT1A receptor antagonist. British journal of pharmacology 159.1 (2010): 129-141.


    Izzo, Angelo A., et al. Non-psychotropic plant cannabinoids: new therapeutic opportunities from an ancient herb. Trends in pharmacological sciences 30.10 (2009): 515-527.


    Banerjee, S.P., S.H. Snyder, R. Mechoulam. 1975. Cannabinoids: influence on neurotransmitter uptake in rat brain synaptosomes. J Pharmacol Exper Therap 194: 74-81


    Evans, F.J. 1991. Cannabinoids: the separation of central from peripheral effects on a structural basis. Planta Med 57(Suppl 1):S60-7


  • Russo, Ethan B. Taming THC: potential cannabis synergy and phytocannabinoid‐terpenoid entourage effects. British journal of pharmacology 163.7 (2011): 1344-1364.


    Hartsel, Joshua A., et al. Cannabis sativa and Hemp. Nutraceuticals. 2016. 735-754


    LaVigne, J. et al. Cannabis sativa terpenes are cannabimimetic and selectively enhance cannabinoid activity, Scientific Reports, 11, 8232 (2021)


    Raz, N. et. al. Selected cannabis terpenes synergize with THC to produce increased CB1 receptor activation, Biochemical pharmacology, 115548, (2023)


    Costa, A. M., Senn, L., Anceschi, L., Brighenti, V., Pellati, F., & Biagini, G. (2021). Antiseizure Effects of Fully Characterized Non-Psychoactive Cannabis sativa L. Extracts in the Repeated 6-Hz Corneal Stimulation Test. Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland), 14(12), 1259. https://doi.org/10.3390/ph14121259


    Sommano, S. R., Chittasupho, C., Ruksiriwanich, W., & Jantrawut, P. (2020). The Cannabis Terpenes. Molecules (Basel, Switzerland), 25(24), 5792. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules25245792


    Tomko, A. M., Whynot, E. G., Ellis, L. D., & Dupré, D. J. (2020). Anti-Cancer Potential of Cannabinoids, Terpenes, and Flavonoids Present in Cannabis. Cancers, 12(7), 1985. https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers12071985


  • Nadal, Xavier, et al. Tetrahydrocannabinolic acid is a potent PPARγ agonist with neuroprotective activity. British journal of pharmacology 174.23 (2017): 4263-4276


    Rock, E. M., et al. Tetrahydrocannabinolic acid reduces nausea‐induced conditioned gaping in rats and vomiting in Suncus murinus. British journal of pharmacology 170.3 (2013): 641-648


    Grunfeld, Y., and H. Edery. Psychopharmacological activity of the active constituents of hashish and some related cannabinoids. Psychopharmacologia 14.3 (1969): 200-210.


    Verhoeckx, Kitty CM, et al. Unheated Cannabis sativa extracts and its major compound THC-acid have potential immuno-modulating properties not mediated by CB 1 and CB 2 receptor coupled pathways. International immunopharmacology 6.4 (2006): 656-665.


    Takeda, Shuso, et al. Cannabidiolic acid as a selective cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitory component in cannabis. Drug metabolism and disposition 36.9 (2008): 1917-1921


  • Nadal, Xavier, et al. Tetrahydrocannabinolic acid is a potent PPARγ agonist with neuroprotective activity. British journal of pharmacology 174.23 (2017): 4263-4276


    Rock, E. M., et al. Tetrahydrocannabinolic acid reduces nausea‐induced conditioned gaping in rats and vomiting in Suncus murinus. British journal of pharmacology 170.3 (2013): 641-648


    Grunfeld, Y., and H. Edery. Psychopharmacological activity of the active constituents of hashish and some related cannabinoids. Psychopharmacologia 14.3 (1969): 200-210.


    Verhoeckx, Kitty CM, et al. Unheated Cannabis sativa extracts and its major compound THC-acid have potential immuno-modulating properties not mediated by CB 1 and CB 2 receptor coupled pathways. International immunopharmacology 6.4 (2006): 656-665.


    Takeda, Shuso, et al. Cannabidiolic acid as a selective cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitory component in cannabis. Drug metabolism and disposition 36.9 (2008): 1917-1921


  • O’Neil, J.D., W.S. Dalton, and R.B. Forney. 1979. The effect of cannabichromene on mean blood pressure, heart rate, and respiration rate responses to tetrahydrocannabinol in the anesthetized rat. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 49:265-70


    Turner, C.E., M.A. Elsohly, and E.G. Boeren. 1980. Constituents of Cannabis sativa L. XVII. A review of the natural constituents. J Nat Prod 43:169-304



    Gill, E.W., W.D.M. Paton, and R.G. Pertwee. 1970. Preliminary experiments on the chemistry and pharmacology of Cannabis. Nature 228:134-6


    Hollister, L.E. 1974. Structure-activity relationships in man of cannabis constituents, and homologs and metabolites of delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol. Pharmacol 11(1): 3-11


    Davis, W.M., and N.S. Hatoum. 1993. Neurobehavioral actions of cannabichromene and interactions with Æ9-tetrahydrocannabinol. Gen Pharmacol 14(2):247-52


    Wirth, P.W., E.S. Watson, M. ElSohly, C.E. Turner, and J.C. Murphy. 1980. Anti-in- flammatory properties of cannabichromene. Life Sci 26:1991-5.



    ElSohly, H.N., C.E. Turner, A.M. Clark, and M.A. ElSohly. 1982. Synthesis and antimicrobial activities of certain cannabichromene and cannabigerol related compounds. J Pharmaceut Sci 71:1319-23.



    Izzo, Angelo A., et al. Non-psychotropic plant cannabinoids: new therapeutic opportunities from an ancient herb. Trends in pharmacological sciences 30.10 (2009): 515-527


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